The Reformation

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The Reformation

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

People supported Martin Luther because

a.	they were also unhappy with church practices.
b.	Luther was a popular priest in Wittenberg.
c.	they wanted to read the Bible in German.
d.	Luther gave out free indulgences.

Which of Martin Luther’s ideas did the Catholic Church include in its reforms?

a.	People should not do charity work.
b.	The church should not sell indulgences.
c.	People should not give money to the church.
d.	Priests should not be involved in political matters.

According to the church, what was the connection between purgatory and indulgences?

a.	Buying indulgences reduced the time spent in purgatory.
b.	The pope could buy indulgences to reduce time in purgatory.
c.	People in purgatory bought indulgences.
d.	Buying indulgences increased the time spent in purgatory.

What was the main goal of Catholic missionaries?

a.	to teach both girls and boys
b.	to train native peoples as soldiers
c.	to convert people around the world to Catholicism
d.	to win Protestants back to the Catholic Church

John Calvin

a.	believed that wealth did not stand in the way of salvation.
b.	had been a capitalist before he became a clergyman.
c.	started a capitalist system of government in Geneva.
d.	believed that wealth did not stand in the way of predestination.

Christians, Muslims, and Jews prospered for centuries in Spain because they

a.	cooperated and didn’t fight against one another.
b.	took ideas from one another.
c.	tried to convert one another.
d.	lived in separate towns apart from one another.

Which of the following led to the sharing of power between a central government and local governments?

a.	the changes that came about as a result of the Council of Trent
b.	self-government in religion
c.	the arrival of missionaries in North America
d.	people’s interest in the natural world and science

Which event occurred last?

a.	Luther posted the Ninety-Five Theses.
b.	German bishops sent Luther’s complaints to Pope Leo X.
c.	Luther was excommunicated.
d.	Luther spent a year hiding in a castle.

What was the most significant change in Spain from the Middle Ages through the Reformation?

a.	A Catholic society replaced a society made up of many religions.
b.	People of different religions learned to solve their conflicts peacefully.
c.	Advancements in art were made.
d.	A monarchy replaced a federalist system.

10.

Which three words best describe what took place at the Council of Trent?

a.	service, discipline, education
b.	discussion, debate, reform
c.	predestination, self-government, federalism
d.	investigation, response, excommunication

11.

For what is Saint Francis Xavier known?

a.	founding the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits)
b.	founding the Ursuline order
c.	bringing the Catholic religion to India and Japan
d.	setting up missions in North and South America

12.

Martin Luther believed that

a.	people in the clergy should be involved in politics.
b.	anyone could have a direct relationship with God.
c.	the Bible should not be translated.
d.	there was no need for change in the Catholic Church.

13.

In what way did Desiderius Erasmus differ from Martin Luther?

a.	Erasmus founded the Jesuit order.
b.	Erasmus praised the work of church officials.
c.	Erasmus did not break completely from the Catholic Church.
d.	Erasmus published his ideas.

14.

John Calvin’s teachings helped to bring about the

a.	sale of indulgences.	c.	rise of capitalism.
b.	growth of Catholicism.	d.	execution of William Tyndale.

15.

All of the following were results of the Reformation except

a.	people became more curious about science and the natural world.
b.	Northern European countries became largely Protestant.
c.	Protestants and Catholics resolved their religious conflicts.
d.	the idea of self-government began to take hold.

16.

Martin Luther challenged the traditional structure of the Catholic Church by arguing that

a.	people did not need to do charity work.
b.	the clergy should become more involved in politics.
c.	people did not need priests to interpret the Bible for them.
d.	the poor should be treated differently than the rich.

17.

Why did the Jesuits and Ursulines promote education?

a.	to respond to Protestant criticism
b.	to fight for reforms in the Catholic Church
c.	to train people as soldiers
d.	to turn people against Protestant ideas

18.

What religious group was started by Saint Angela Merici?

a.	the Council of Trent	c.	the Ursuline Order
b.	the Church of England	d.	the Jesuits

19.

Who wanted to translate the Bible into English?

a.	John Calvin	c.	William Tyndale
b.	Desiderius Erasmus	d.	King Henry VIII

20.

Which is the best prediction about what would have happened if a son had been born to King Henry VIII?

a.	The Bible would not have been translated into English.
b.	English explorers would not have reached North America.
c.	England would have remained a Catholic country.
d.	Henry VIII would have become pope.

21.

Which of the following describes how the French king made peace between the Huguenots and Catholics?

a.	The king exiled all Protestants to northwestern France.
b.	The king allowed Protestants to remain in France in certain towns.
c.	The king allowed Catholics to remain in France in certain towns.
d.	The king allowed nobles to send Protestant peasants to certain towns.

22.

What did Martin Luther do to spread his ideas?

a.	He invented the printing press.
b.	He translated the Bible into German.
c.	He did charity work.
d.	He taught people Latin so that they could read the Bible.

23.

What is federalism?

a.	the sharing of power between local governments and a strong central government
b.	the peaceful cooperation of Catholics, Muslims, and Jews
c.	the belief that religion holds all the answers
d.	the practice of self-government

24.

Which statement best summarizes the Catholic Reformation?

a.	The church officially rejected the ideas set out by Martin Luther.
b.	The Jesuits and Ursulines started schools for Catholic children.
c.	Bishops had to live in the areas they served, and priests had to stop selling indulgences.
d.	The Catholic Church adopted much-needed changes.

25.

What caused the Catholic Church to organize new religious orders in southern Europe?

a.	the Spanish Inquisition	c.	the Protestant Reformation
b.	the Edict of Nantes	d.	the Council of Trent

26.

The Catholic Church tried to prevent the spread of Protestantism in all of these ways except by

a.	allowing Jesuits to use weapons against Protestants.
b.	seeking out and punishing Protestants.
c.	banning books written by Protestant leaders.
d.	creating new religious orders to spread Catholic teachings.

27.

The Huguenots were

a.	British Protestants.	c.	Swiss Protestants.
b.	German Protestants.	d.	French Protestants.

28.

What effect did the Catholic Reformation have on Asia and Africa?

a.	Asia became Protestant, and Africa became Catholic.
b.	The Council of Trent took place in Asia and Africa.
c.	Catholic missionaries converted people in Asia and Africa.
d.	Many people in Asia and Africa became missionaries.

29.

The Catholic Church in Spain

a.	sold the most indulgences.
b.	did not send missionaries to other countries.
c.	was strong because the Spanish Inquisition rid Spain of most non-Catholics.
d.	was set up by the Council of Trent.

30.

Why was the Catholic religion strong in Spain?

a.	People who were not Catholic were thrown out, converted, or killed.
b.	People in Spain believed that the Protestant movement was only for people in northern Europe.
c.	The king and queen of Spain invited Catholics to come there to live.
d.	People in Spain had never heard of Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses.

31.

What is the link between the Treaty of Westphalia and the Holy Roman Empire?

a.	They were both created by the Edict of Nantes.
b.	The Holy Roman Emperor wrote the Treaty of Westphalia.
c.	They both ended the Thirty Years’ War.
d.	The Holy Roman Empire ended after the Treaty of Westphalia took effect.

32.

Which of the following was a result of the Thirty Years’ War?

a.	Germany became part of the Holy Roman Empire.
b.	The Edict of Nantes granted religious freedom in most of France.
c.	European rulers could decide whether their countries would be Catholic or Protestant.
d.	Peasants in Germany revolted against the government after reading the Bible.

33.

Which effect of the Reformation has had the greatest influence on American society?

a.	The Council of Trent led to reform within the Catholic Church.
b.	People abandoned religion and turned increasingly to science.
c.	John Calvin’s teachings about predestination were widely taught.
d.	A system of government developed in which people could rule themselves.

34.

Which of the following best describes Martin Luther?

a.	a person with a strong desire for fame and power
b.	a talented writer and musician
c.	a person with a wish to live in peace and simplicity
d.	an idealistic, independent thinker

35.

What was one effect of European exploration of the Americas?

a.	Europeans brought their religions to the Americas.
b.	Catholics and Protestants in Europe resolved their differences.
c.	Only missionaries were sent to explore new lands.
d.	Europeans adopted the religion of Native Americans.

36.

Which of the following describes life in Spain before Catholic rulers came to power?

a.	Catholics, Jews, and Muslims lived peacefully together.
b.	Spain colonized many parts of the world, including the Americas.
c.	Jesuits set up schools all over Spain.
d.	Grenada passed from Muslim control to Catholic control.

37.

How did South America, Central America, and Mexico become mostly Catholic?

a.	Protestantism was banned in these places by law.
b.	Explorers from these countries brought Catholicism back to their homes.
c.	Missionaries from India and China settled there.
d.	The Europeans that settled there were Catholic.

38.

The shared goal of the Jesuits and the Ursulines was to

a.	train people to become soldiers.
b.	fight the power of the printing press.
c.	excommunicate people who read banned books.
d.	prevent the spread of Protestantism by teaching Catholic ideas.

39.

During the late Renaissance, the practices of the Roman Catholic Church

a.	did not affect the church’s influence.
b.	led church leaders to become more involved in politics.
c.	led scholars to support the church.
d.	weakened the church’s influence.

40.

After the Reformation

a.	northern Europe was mostly Protestant.
b.	southern Europe was mostly Protestant.
c.	Spain was mostly Protestant.
d.	South America was mostly Protestant.